Enum: ExposureRouteEnum

Route of exposure — the portal by which an agent reaches the organism. Standard toxicological/regulatory axis, used by ATSDR toxicological profiles, EPA risk assessment and the GHS alike, and post-composed into ECTO exposure terms ("exposure to arsenic in water via ingestion").

The route is a property of the exposure event, so one agent commonly has several — the slot is multivalued. Route matters mechanistically: the same agent produces different disease by different routes (inhaled versus ingested hexavalent chromium), which is why this is worth recording separately rather than leaving implicit in the ECTO label.

URI: dismech:enum/ExposureRouteEnum

Permissible Values

Value	Meaning	Description
INHALATION	None	Uptake via the respiratory tract — gases, vapours, aerosols, dusts, fumes, fi...
ORAL	None	Uptake by ingestion, including incidental hand-to-mouth transfer and contamin...
DERMAL	None	Uptake through intact or damaged skin, and local action on the skin itself
OCULAR	None	Contact with, or uptake through, the eye and conjunctiva
PARENTERAL	None	Uptake bypassing epithelial barriers — needlestick and sharps injury, injecti...
TRANSPLACENTAL	None	Uptake by the conceptus across the placenta following maternal exposure
LACTATIONAL	None	Uptake by the infant through breast milk following maternal exposure
MULTIPLE	None	Substantial exposure by more than one route where the individual routes are n...
UNKNOWN	None	Route not established or not reported by the cited source

Slots

Name	Description
classification_value

See Also

• https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxicological-profiles/index.html
• https://www.epa.gov/risk/conducting-human-health-risk-assessment

Identifier and Mapping Information

Schema Source

• from schema: https://w3id.org/monarch-initiative/dismech

LinkML Source

name: ExposureRouteEnum
description: 'Route of exposure — the portal by which an agent reaches the organism.
  Standard toxicological/regulatory axis, used by ATSDR toxicological profiles, EPA
  risk assessment and the GHS alike, and post-composed into ECTO exposure terms ("exposure
  to arsenic in water via ingestion").

  The route is a property of the exposure event, so one agent commonly has several
  — the slot is multivalued. Route matters mechanistically: the same agent produces
  different disease by different routes (inhaled versus ingested hexavalent chromium),
  which is why this is worth recording separately rather than leaving implicit in
  the ECTO label.'
from_schema: https://w3id.org/monarch-initiative/dismech
see_also:
- https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxicological-profiles/index.html
- https://www.epa.gov/risk/conducting-human-health-risk-assessment
rank: 1000
permissible_values:
  INHALATION:
    text: INHALATION
    description: Uptake via the respiratory tract — gases, vapours, aerosols, dusts,
      fumes, fibres. The dominant route in occupational exposure.
  ORAL:
    text: ORAL
    description: Uptake by ingestion, including incidental hand-to-mouth transfer
      and contaminated food or drinking water.
  DERMAL:
    text: DERMAL
    description: Uptake through intact or damaged skin, and local action on the skin
      itself.
  OCULAR:
    text: OCULAR
    description: Contact with, or uptake through, the eye and conjunctiva.
  PARENTERAL:
    text: PARENTERAL
    description: Uptake bypassing epithelial barriers — needlestick and sharps injury,
      injection, implantation, wound contamination. The route for occupational bloodborne
      infection.
  TRANSPLACENTAL:
    text: TRANSPLACENTAL
    description: Uptake by the conceptus across the placenta following maternal exposure.
      The route underlying developmental toxicity and prenatal origins of later disease.
  LACTATIONAL:
    text: LACTATIONAL
    description: Uptake by the infant through breast milk following maternal exposure.
  MULTIPLE:
    text: MULTIPLE
    description: Substantial exposure by more than one route where the individual
      routes are not separable. Prefer listing the specific routes when they are known.
  UNKNOWN:
    text: UNKNOWN
    description: Route not established or not reported by the cited source.