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IEMbase 0533: ATP7A-related distal spinal muscular atrophy type 3

Scope

Field Value
IEMbase ID 533
Nosology 22.1.03.01
Gene ATP7A
External IDs OMIM:300489; ORPHA:404538
Generated mapping UNMAPPED; best candidate Menkes_Disease.yaml
Candidate DisMech targets Menkes_Disease.yaml#ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy
Review date 2026-07-07

IEMbase phenotype signal

IEMbase represents ATP7A-related copper-transporting ATPase subunit alpha deficiency with the SMAX3 label. Alternate labels are X-linked distal spinal muscular atrophy and SMAX3. The record is X-linked, subtype is marked idiopathic, and no treatments are listed.

The IEMbase signal is narrow and motor-neuron predominant: normal serum copper, distal muscle weakness, weak or absent tendon reflexes, and possible optic nerve pallor. It does not present the severe infantile Menkes copper-deficiency phenotype.

DisMech phenotype coverage

The generated UNMAPPED status is a false negative if reviewed at the ATP7A spectrum level. Menkes_Disease.yaml models ATP7A-related copper transport disorders and explicitly includes ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy / X-linked distal spinal muscular atrophy type 3 as the mildest allelic variant. The local subtype description distinguishes this from classic Menkes disease by residual copper transport, adult-onset or milder distal motor weakness, and little or no copper-deficiency biochemical pattern.

Concordance and completeness

Judgement: false negative; resolve to the ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy subtype within Menkes_Disease.yaml.

IEMbase and DisMech agree on ATP7A, X-linked inheritance, SMAX3/X-linked distal spinal muscular atrophy type 3 identity, and distal motor weakness. IEMbase adds explicit normal serum copper, weak/absent reflexes, and optic nerve pallor rows that should not be overwritten by classic Menkes assumptions.

Curation actions

  • Map this record to Menkes_Disease.yaml#ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy.
  • Keep the note scoped to SMAX3 and do not treat it as classic infantile Menkes disease.
  • Preserve normal serum copper, distal weakness, reflex, and optic nerve pallor prompts for subtype-specific review.