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IEMbase 0290: ARSA-related Arylsulfatase A deficiency

Scope

Field Value
IEMbase ID 290
Nosology 20.1.1.01
Gene ARSA
External IDs OMIM:250100; ORPHA:512
Generated mapping MAPPED; Metachromatic_Leukodystrophy.yaml
Candidate DisMech targets Metachromatic_Leukodystrophy.yaml
Review date 2026-07-07

IEMbase phenotype signal

IEMbase represents metachromatic leukodystrophy due to ARSA deficiency. Inheritance is autosomal recessive and treatability is marked yes.

Clinical rows include psychotic behavior, dysarthria, emotional lability, gait disturbance, irritability, neurologic deterioration, and spasticity, with age-patterning across late-infantile, juvenile, and adult presentations. Biochemical rows list increased CSF protein and increased urinary sulfatide. Treatment rows list OTL-200 stem-cell-based gene therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplant, each linked to neurologic and sulfatide endpoints.

DisMech phenotype coverage

Metachromatic_Leukodystrophy.yaml is the correct local target. The local entry models ARSA disease-causing variants, arylsulfatase A deficiency, sulfatide storage, central and peripheral demyelination, neurodegeneration, and late-infantile, early-juvenile, late-juvenile, and adult subtypes.

Local phenotypes include cognitive impairment, developmental regression, dysphagia, seizures, hypotonia, and peripheral neuropathy. Local biochemical entries include reduced arylsulfatase A activity, sulfatide storage burden, and urinary sulfatide excretion. Treatments include hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and atidarsagene autotemcel.

Concordance and completeness

Judgement: correct mapping with strong biochemical and treatment concordance.

IEMbase and DisMech agree on ARSA/MLD identity, recessive inheritance, urinary sulfatide accumulation, demyelinating neurologic disease, subtype variation by onset, HSCT, and ex vivo stem-cell gene therapy. The IEMbase OTL-200 row corresponds to the local atidarsagene autotemcel treatment. DisMech is stronger for the sulfatide storage mechanism and subtype structure.

IEMbase adds review prompts for psychosis, emotional lability, dysarthria, gait disturbance, irritability, spasticity, neurologic deterioration wording, and increased CSF protein. These are clinically plausible and would improve local phenotype granularity if supported with MLD-specific evidence.

Curation actions

  • Keep this record mapped to Metachromatic_Leukodystrophy.yaml.
  • Treat IEMbase OTL-200 as concordant with local atidarsagene autotemcel.
  • Review psychiatric/behavioral rows, gait/dysarthria/spasticity rows, and CSF protein as future phenotype or biomarker enrichment prompts.