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IEMbase 0066: HIBCH-related 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase deficiency

Scope

Field Value
IEMbase ID 66
Nosology 1.2.14.01
Gene HIBCH
External IDs OMIM:250620
Generated mapping MAPPED by alias_exact:3 hydroxyisobutyryl coa hydrolase deficiency
Candidate DisMech targets 3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA_Hydrolase_Deficiency.yaml
Review date 2026-07-07

IEMbase phenotype signal

IEMbase represents this as autosomal recessive HIBCH-related 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase deficiency, with alternate labels beta-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA deacylase deficiency and 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria. Treatability is marked unknown.

The biochemical signal includes high C4-OH 3-hydroxyisobutyrylcarnitine in dried blood spot or plasma, low fibroblast 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA deacylase activity, high urinary 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, possible anion-gap abnormality, and increased urinary S-2-carboxypropyl-cysteamine and S-2-carboxypropyl-cysteine.

The characteristic clinical signal is developmental delay. Additional features include globus pallidus MRI abnormalities, midbrain abnormalities, cingulate or corpus-callosum agenesis, bilateral toe syndactyly, dysmorphism, dystonia, infection-triggered acute encephalopathy, feeding difficulty, axial hypotonia, intellectual disability, metabolic acidosis, regression, strabismus, and truncal ataxia. The treatment row is valine restriction.

DisMech phenotype coverage

The generated mapping to 3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA_Hydrolase_Deficiency.yaml is correct. DisMech models HIBCH deficiency as an autosomal recessive valine-catabolism disorder causing neurodevelopmental impairment and Leigh-like metabolic encephalopathy.

DisMech covers HIBCH enzyme deficiency, valine catabolic block, C4-OH acylcarnitine, urinary 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutyrate, urinary S-(2-carboxypropyl)cysteamine, multiple mitochondrial dysfunction, Leigh-like neurodegeneration, basal ganglia lesions, developmental delay and regression, hypotonia, encephalopathy, feeding difficulty, vomiting, seizures, movement disorder, spasticity, dystonia, microcephaly, visual impairment, cognitive impairment, cerebellar atrophy, blood lactate, biochemical screening, molecular testing, brain MRI, valine-restricted diet, supportive metabolic management, and avoidance guidance.

Concordance and completeness

Judgement: correct mapping and high concordance.

IEMbase adds a few granular details not emphasized in the DisMech entry: fibroblast deacylase activity, urinary 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, urinary S-2-carboxypropyl-cysteine, midbrain findings, cingulate/corpus-callosum agenesis, toe syndactyly, dysmorphism, strabismus, truncal ataxia, and metabolic acidosis. DisMech is stronger for Leigh-like mechanism, mitochondrial secondary effects, subtype/onset framing, diagnostic context, and valine restriction rationale.

Curation actions

  • Keep the generated mapping to 3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA_Hydrolase_Deficiency.yaml.
  • Consider IEMbase's fibroblast enzyme assay and S-2-carboxypropyl-cysteine row as future diagnostic-marker enrichments.
  • Preserve distinction from adjacent valine/isoleucine disorders such as ECHS1 deficiency and ACADSB/SBCADD.