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IEMbase 0067: HIBADH-related 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase deficiency

Scope

Field Value
IEMbase ID 67
Nosology 1.2.25.01
Gene HIBADH
External IDs OMIM:608475
Generated mapping CANDIDATE by fuzzy_alias
Candidate DisMech targets Succinic_Semialdehyde_Dehydrogenase_Deficiency.yaml
Review date 2026-07-07

IEMbase phenotype signal

IEMbase represents this as autosomal recessive HIBADH-related 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase deficiency, also labeled 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria. Treatability is marked unknown.

The characteristic biochemical signal is high urinary 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid, high urinary 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, high C4-OH 3-hydroxyisobutyrylcarnitine in dried blood spot or plasma, and low fibroblast 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase activity. IEMbase also lists free and esterified carnitine and plasma lactate as ancillary rows.

The clinical signal includes failure to thrive and ketoacidosis as characteristic rows, with developmental delay, metabolic acidosis, focal white matter lesions, white-matter MRI changes, intracerebral calcification, microcephaly, dysmorphic features, long philtrum, low-set ears, prominent eyebrows and eyelashes, small triangular face, fifth-finger and toe clinodactyly, and 2-3 toe syndactyly.

DisMech phenotype coverage

The generated candidate target is not a valid disease match. The local Succinic_Semialdehyde_Dehydrogenase_Deficiency.yaml entry is an ALDH5A1/GABA catabolism disorder with gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria, developmental delay, hypotonia, ataxia, epilepsy, and behavioral dysregulation. It does not cover HIBADH, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase activity, or the valine-catabolism 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria signal.

No exact local DisMech disorder file, subtype, or grouping was found for HIBADH, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase deficiency, or 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria. The adjacent local HIBCH entry is a different valine-catabolism step and should remain distinct.

Concordance and completeness

Judgement: false-positive candidate and missing standalone DisMech target.

The fuzzy candidate is driven by the shared "semialdehyde dehydrogenase" wording and neurometabolic presentation, not by shared gene, enzyme, pathway position, or diagnostic biomarkers. IEMbase's HIBADH record would require a distinct valine-catabolism entry rather than reuse of SSADH deficiency.

Curation actions

  • Do not map this record to Succinic_Semialdehyde_Dehydrogenase_Deficiency.yaml.
  • Add a future standalone HIBADH/3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase deficiency curation target.
  • Preserve distinction from HIBCH deficiency, which is an adjacent but separate valine-catabolism disorder.