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LPA

lipoprotein(a)
2 disorders 1 susceptibility 1 untyped 6q25.3-q26 gene with protein product
HGNC:6667MonarchNCBI Gene 4018ENSG00000198670UniProt P08519OMIM 152200

Previous symbols: LP. Aliases: Lp(a).

Normal function · from ai-gene-review (P08519, commit 79fe13b38970) · AI-generated, not KB evidence

LPA encodes apolipoprotein(a), a secreted, plasminogen-related glycoprotein whose repeated kringle IV scaffold is covalently disulfide-linked to apolipoprotein B-100 to form the extracellular plasma lipoprotein(a) particle. Kringle IV type 2 is extensively copy-number polymorphic between alleles (2-43 copies); the UniProtKB P08519 represents a 15-copy reference allele, not an alternatively spliced isoform or a universal apo(a) length. Apo(a) kringles mediate binding to lysine-like sites and extracellular partners including fibronectin and apolipoproteins. On fibrin or other surfaces, these interactions can noncatalytically reduce tissue-type plasminogen activator-dependent plasminogen activation. Although apo(a) retains a trypsin-like domain and catalytic triad, its plasminogen-homologous activation junction is defective and recombinant studies found it proteolytically inactive; an older biochemical report of serine-proteinase activity remains disputed in light of the activation-site and recombinant evidence.

Serves as the allele-variable kringle scaffold of lipoprotein(a), using an unpaired cysteine to form the defining extracellular disulfide linkage with apolipoprotein B-100. This covalent partnership incorporates apo(a) into the plasma lipoprotein(a) particle; it does not imply a broader role in lipid metabolism or blood circulation.
molecular function: apolipoprotein binding · directly involved in: plasma lipoprotein particle organization · locations: extracellular region
Uses kringle lysine-binding sites to engage lysine-like determinants and extracellular macromolecules. Directly demonstrated interactions include fibronectin binding, strong and weak lysine-site binding by different kringles, and apolipoprotein binding; their strengths can vary with kringle sequence and allele architecture.
molecular function: fibronectin binding · locations: extracellular region
Noncatalytically reduces tissue-type plasminogen activator-dependent plasminogen activation when apo(a)/Lp(a) is presented on fibrin, degraded fibrin, or another surface. The effect depends on kringle lysine-binding determinants and persists without the protease-like domain, so it is modeled as regulation of plasminogen activation rather than endopeptidase-inhibitor or serine-protease activity.
directly involved in: negative regulation of plasminogen activation · locations: extracellular region
In the knowledge base · computed from kb/ at build time

Disorders

Relationship is the entry's genetic[].relationship_type. untyped means the entry has a genetic record for the gene but does not type it; its free-text association is shown instead.

DisorderRelationshipWhere the gene appears
Aortic Valve Stenosis susceptibility
mechanism: Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Exposure
Peripheral Artery Disease untyped
Risk Factor

Identity from HGNC (snapshot 2026-10-01). Page layers are described in the gene pages documentation.