LRP1

LDL receptor related protein 1

5 disorders 2 causative 1 untyped 1 susceptibility 1 risk factor 12q13.3 gene with protein product

HGNC:6692 Monarch NCBI Gene 4035 ENSG00000123384 UniProt Q07954 OMIM 107770

Previous symbols: APR, A2MR. Aliases: LRP, CD91, LRP1A, APOER, IGFBP3R1, IGFBP-3R.

Normal function · from ai-gene-review (Q07954, commit 79fe13b38970) · AI-generated, not KB evidence

LRP1 encodes low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, a large LDL receptor-family type I membrane receptor that is proteolytically processed into extracellular ligand-binding and membrane/cytoplasmic subunits. LRP1 acts as a multifunctional endocytic, cargo, scavenger, apolipoprotein/lipoprotein, and alpha-2-macroglobulin receptor, concentrating ligands at the plasma membrane and clathrin-coated pits for receptor-mediated internalization, endosomal trafficking, lysosomal clearance, phagocytosis, and lipid transport. In Alzheimer-relevant biology, LRP1 participates in amyloid-beta binding, clearance, and transcytosis across vascular and cellular barriers, and UniProt also describes it as a tau/MAPT receptor controlling tau endocytosis and spread.

Multifunctional LDLR-family endocytic cargo/scavenger receptor activity at the plasma membrane and coated pits, internalizing ligand complexes through receptor-mediated endocytosis and trafficking them through early endosomes and lysosomal/catabolic pathways.

molecular function: cargo receptor activity · directly involved in: receptor-mediated endocytosis; receptor internalization; phagocytosis; positive regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process · locations: plasma membrane; early endosome; endocytic vesicle membrane

Apolipoprotein/lipoprotein and calcium-dependent LDLR-family ligand receptor function supporting chylomicron-remnant/lipoprotein transport, lipid metabolism, cholesterol efflux, and reverse cholesterol transport.

molecular function: apolipoprotein receptor activity · directly involved in: lipoprotein transport; positive regulation of lipid transport; positive regulation of cholesterol efflux; positive regulation of reverse cholesterol transport · locations: plasma membrane; basolateral plasma membrane

Alzheimer-relevant amyloid-beta binding, clearance, and transcytosis across vascular or cellular barriers, with UniProt-supported tau/MAPT receptor activity controlling tau endocytosis and spread as a related disease-relevant cargo branch.

molecular function: amyloid-beta binding · directly involved in: amyloid-beta clearance; amyloid-beta clearance by cellular catabolic process; amyloid-beta clearance by transcytosis; transport across blood-brain barrier · locations: plasma membrane; basolateral plasma membrane; early endosome

In the knowledge base · computed from kb/ at build time

Disorders

Relationship is the entry's genetic[].relationship_type. untyped means the entry has a genetic record for the gene but does not type it; its free-text association is shown instead.

Disorder	Relationship	Where the gene appears
Double Outlet Right Ventricle	susceptibility
Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans	causative germline
Keratosis Pilaris Atrophicans	causative germline	mechanism: LRP1 Loss of Function and Impaired Endocytic Receptor Signaling
Migraine	risk factor
Alzheimer Disease	untyped Genetic Variant	mechanism: Vascular Dysfunction

Identity from HGNC (snapshot 2026-10-01). Page layers are described in the gene pages documentation.