| Concept | Common synonyms / legacy terms | Key defining features (short) | Primary authoritative source (URL + year) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glioma (broad) | Glial tumor; glial neoplasm; diffuse glioma (when infiltrative subset is intended) | Broad umbrella for primary CNS tumors arising from glial or glial-precursor lineages; current WHO CNS5 diagnosis is integrated, combining histology with molecular features rather than morphology alone (pqac-00000003, pqac-00000007) | Louis et al., *The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary* — https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab106 (2021) |
| Adult-type diffuse glioma | Adult diffuse glioma; infiltrating adult glioma; diffuse astrocytic/oligodendroglial tumor | WHO CNS5 simplifies adult diffuse gliomas into 3 molecularly defined types: astrocytoma, IDH-mutant; oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted; glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype. Uses integrated/layered diagnosis and molecular grading (pqac-00000001, pqac-00000003) | McNamara et al., *2021 WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system: a review for the neuroradiologist* — https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-022-03008-6 (2022) |
| Astrocytoma, IDH-mutant | Diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant; anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-mutant; legacy “IDH-mutant glioblastoma” now grade 4 astrocytoma | Defined by IDH1 or IDH2 mutation with astrocytic lineage; typically supported by ATRX loss/mutation and TP53 alteration or absence of 1p/19q codeletion; graded CNS WHO 2–4, and CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion can justify grade 4 (pqac-00000000, pqac-00000001, pqac-00000005) | Reuss, *Updates on the WHO diagnosis of IDH-mutant glioma* — https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-023-04250-5 (2023) |
| Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted | Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant, 1p/19q-codeleted; anaplastic oligodendroglioma (legacy grade-based term) | Diffusely infiltrating glioma defined by both IDH mutation and whole-arm 1p/19q codeletion; often associated with TERT promoter, CIC, and FUBP1 alterations; graded CNS WHO 2–3 (pqac-00000000, pqac-00000004) | Louis et al., *The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary* — https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab106 (2021) |
| Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype | GBM; primary glioblastoma; glioblastoma multiforme (older term) | In WHO CNS5, the term “glioblastoma” is reserved for adult diffuse astrocytic glioma that is IDH-wildtype; diagnosis may be made by classic histology or by molecular features such as TERT promoter mutation, EGFR amplification, or combined whole chromosome 7 gain / whole chromosome 10 loss (+7/−10) even without necrosis or microvascular proliferation (pqac-00000001, pqac-00000003, pqac-00000007) | Osborn et al., *The 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: What Neuroradiologists Need to Know* — https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.45-12.s15 (2022) |


*Table: This table summarizes key WHO CNS5 glioma concepts, including current terminology, common legacy names, and the molecular features that define each entity. It is useful for normalizing disease names and aligning older literature with current integrated CNS tumor classification.*